Sulfur dioxide comes mostly from burning coal and oil to generate electricity. It also is produced in smelting ores that contain sulfur and in manufacturing sulfur products.
Fluorides are produced by processing aluminum ore, manufacturing phosphate fertilizer and processing stone.
The oxidants are formed in the atmosphere from chemical reactions powered by sunlight. The oxidants that cause the most tree damage are ozone and PAN (Peroxyl Acetyl Nitrate). They are produced mostly from industrial and auto emissions, and they are common components of smog. Low concentrations of ozone also occur naturally in the atmosphere.
These trees are relatively tolerant to common air pollutants:
- ARBORVITAE
- BOXELDER
- DOUGLAS-FIR
- ENGLISH OAK
- MAGNOLIA
- NORWAY MAPLE
- RED OAK
- WHITE DOGWOOD
- WHITE SPRUCE
These trees are relatively intolerant to common air pollutants:
- AMERICAN ELM
- CATALPA
- JACK PINE
- LARCH
- LOMBARDY POPLAR
- PONDEROSA PINE
- QUAKING ASPEN
- VIRGINIA PINE
- WHITE PINE
- WILLOW
Source: http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/misc/tree_care/aib372.htm#contents
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